The One Ring:

The Ring created by Sauron in the Chambers of Fire, Sammath Naur. This was the most powerful of the Rings of Power. He only needs the One; for he made that Ring himself, it is his, and he let a great part of his own former power pass into it, so that he could rule all the others. (LOTR.65)

Unlike the Seven, the Nine and the Three which each had a gem, the One was a plain golden circle with no markings, but when heated, the Ring showed two lines of a verse known in Elven Lore. The verse is:

Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky,
Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone,
Nine for Mortal Men doomed to die,
One for the Dark Lord on his dark throne
In the land of Mordor where the Shadows lie.
One Ring to rule them all, One ring to find them,
One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them
In the land of Mordor where the Shadows lie.

The lines on the Ring were: One Ring to Rule them all, One Ring to find them, One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them.
The lines on the Ring were written in the Elvish characters, but actually written in the language of Mordor, the Black Speech, so the actual words on the Ring were: Ash nazg durbatulûk, ash nazg gimbatul, ash hazg thrakatulûk agh burzum-ishi krimpatul (LOTR.271)
There were many names for the One Ring, including the Ruling Ring, the One, Isildur's Bane, The Great Ring, and the Master Ring. By the Ringbearers it was usually just called the Ring.

It was destroyed in the Sammath Naur, in the year 3019 of the Third Age, as told in the Lord of the Rings, derived from Frodo's journal.

Orcrist:

One of the two swords taken from the Troll's cave by Thorin and company nea the beginning of their adventure. The other was Glamdring, and Bilbo took a dagger he later called Sting.

Orcrist was made in Gondolin during the First Age for the defence of the city Gondolin. However, we do not know who wielded it then, or how it ended up in a troll-stash during the intervening ages.

After the death of Thorin, the sword was placed on his tomb, where it is said to warn of the approach of any enemy.

The Hobbit
The Lord of the Rings
The Silmarillion
The Complete Guide to Middle-Earth by Robert Foster
The Unfinished Tales